Georeactor Evidence and Implications of Mantle Helium
First Indication of Georeactor End-of-Life Approach
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Georeactor Evidence and Implications of Mantle Helium First Indication of Georeactor End-of-Life Approach |
  Since the late 1960s,
scientists throughout the world have found traces of helium in volcanic lava and
basalt that comes from within the Earth. Two isotopes of helium are observed,
helium of mass 3 and helium of mass 4. Helium-4 was not a surprise because
helium-4 is a product of the
natural radioactive decay of uranium and thorium.
Helium-3, however, was a great mystery as scientists were unaware of any natural
mechanism for major production of helium-3 deep within the Earth. Lacking
knowledge of an adequate deep-Earth production mechanism, scientists for more
than thirty years have assumed that the observed helium-3 is a relic left over
from planetary formation 4,500 million years ago. To explain the helium found in
volcanic lava and basalt, scientists have also had to assume that about 10 times
as much helium-4 from radioactive decay had to have been mixed with the assumed
primordial helium-3 in such a way as to give a rather narrow range of
compositions. |
| For the past three
decades, nuclear engineers and scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have
developed, tested, and verified computer programs to simulate the operation of
different types of nuclear reactors. In 2001, Daniel F. Hollenbach and J. Marvin
Herndon published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
results of the first numerical simulation of a deep-Earth reactor
(click here for pdf). The results
confirmed all that Herndon had published in the previous eight years plus
demonstrating for the first time that a deep-Earth nuclear reactor would produce
both helium-3 and helium-4 in similar ratios to what is found in volcanic lavas
and basalts. Because of its low mass and chemical inertness, helium can escape
from the core of the Earth and find its way to the surface. The helium that has
been measured for more than three decades in volcanic lavas and basalts is
evidence for a deep-Earth nuclear reactor. Recently, the management at Oak Ridge National Laboratory graciously made available additional, extended and refined georeactor numerical simulations. Those results form the basis of the following scientific paper: J. M. Herndon (2003) Nuclear georeactor origin of oceanic basalt 3He/4He, evidence, and implications. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA) 100, 3047-3050.(click here for pdf) The above paper i) presents extremely strong evidence for existence of a deep-Earth nuclear reactor, and ii) presents evidence that the end of the georeactor lifetime is approaching. See for yourself. The figure on the left, below, shows numerical simulation results of the helium-3 to helium-4 ratios, relative to atmospheric helium, calculated at three power levels. The table on the right, below, shows the range of measured helium-3 to helium-4 ratios, relative to atmospheric helium, throughout the global spreading ridge system. Note that the calculated helium-3 to helium-4 ratios from the figure fall into the range as the measured values from the table. That striking agreement is extremely strong evidence for the existence of a deep-Earth nuclear reactor and is the apparent solution of the three-decade-long mantle helium mystery. |
| Nuclear reactor numerical simulation results for three power levels showing the 3He/4He ratios relative to air (RA) produced during 2 million year time increments over the lifetime of the georeactor. Each data point represents the ratio of the 3He and 4He fission yields for a single time step. |
Statistics of 3He/4He relative to air (RA) of basalts from along the global spreading ridge system at a two standard deviation, 95% confidence level.
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In the figure on the left above, note that the helium ratios tend to increase as time progresses with the highest ratios occurring near the end of the lifetime of the georeactor. Correspondingly high helium ratios are observed in recent hot-spot lavas from Hawaii and Iceland. These high values are outside of the 95% confidence range of values shown in the table on the right. The highest value yet observed is about 37 RA. The high values observed, in concert with the data shown in the figure, indicate that the end of the georeactor lifetime is approaching.
In the figure on the left above, note that the calculations terminate at 5.6, 4.4, and 4.0 gigayears when the uranium fuel has been consumed to such an extent that the nuclear reactor dies. That these times are very close to the age of the Earth (4.5 gigayears) lends further support to the conclusion that the end of the lifetime of the georeactor is approaching.
When will it happen? When will the georeactor die and no longer be able to provide energy to the mechanism that produces the geomagnetic field? At the moment, there is considerable uncertainty. The georeactor might die in as little as 100 years, maybe in a million years, perhaps even 1,000 million years from now. But one thing is certain: the georeactor will die. And when the geomagnetic field subsequently dies, life on Earth will never be the same.
Herndon's georeactor calculations were independently confirmed by senior nuclear reactor engineer, Prof. Dr. Walter Seifitz. (click here)
One thought to consider. Three of the four giant gaseous planets, Jupiter, Saturn, and Neptune, presently radiate nearly twice as much energy into space as they each receive from the Sun. Their internally generated energy, presumably from planetary-scale nuclear fission reactors, is responsible for their turbulent atmospheres. By contrast, Uranus radiates little or no internally generated energy and has a quiescent, featureless appearance. Has Uranus’ nuclear reactor already reached the end of its lifetime? There is much more to the subject of natural nuclear fission.
Go to Georeactor Generation of Earth's Geomagnetic Field
© 2008 Transdyne Corporation